Compare and Contrast Five Ethical Models Essay - 3163 Words

Compare and Contrast Five Ethical Models Ethics and Society, MPA 607 Alexis E. Anthony Belhaven University February 28, 2013 Ethics play an integral and necessary part in our lives. An individual’s course of action is dictated by which ethical model they adhere to. Ethics answers the question, What do I do? It is the study of right and wrong. â€Å"At a more fundamental level, it is the method by which we categorize our values and pursue them. Do we pursue our own happiness, or do we sacrifice ourselves to a greater cause? Is that foundation of ethics based on the Bible, or on the very nature of man himself, or neither?† (Hursthouse, 2012) A proper foundation of ethics requires a standard of value so that an†¦show more content†¦It is true that many customs, such as the expected style of dress or the traditional age of marriage, vary according to cultural practices. However, basic principles that guide human behavior should be universal. This learner believes that respect for human life should be expected and encouraged in any society, rega rdless of the normal behavior. Another flaw of this model is that moral behavior is considered only that behavior which is most commonly practiced. Under this school of thought there is very little opportunity for a society to evolve or advance because any deviation from the norm would be frowned upon, rejected and deemed immoral. 1st John 2:15-17, â€Å"Do not love the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him. For all that is in the world—the desires of the flesh and the desires of the eyes and pride in possessions—is not from the Father but is from the world. And the world is passing away along with its desires, but whoever does the will of God abides forever,† (The Holy Bible). This passage encourages us to follow and love God above all other influences. We should not simply go along with what is expected of us or model our behaviors after those around us. We are to act as Christ would and as direc ted by Scripture. â€Å"Perhaps the strongest argument against ethical relativism comes from those who assert that universal moral standards can exist even if some moralShow MoreRelatedImpact of Reward System on Employee Performance1051 Words   |  5 Pagesreward management. (10marks) Question 2 a) As a manager what are the methods you will consider while assessing individual performance. (10marks) b) Discuss the total reward and model of manus and Graham. (10marks) Question 3 a) Discuss any two job job evaluation techniques used in an organization. (10marks) b) Compare and contrast performance management and performance appraisal. (10marks) Question 4 a) Discuss the major components of an international remuneration system. (10marks) b) Discuss the performanceRead MoreCreativity and Read Ch.1447 Words   |  6 PagesWeek One: Introduction to Innovation, Design, and Creativity Details Due Points Objectives 1.1 Compare and contrast innovation, design, and creativity. 1.2 Analyze the benefits of innovation, design, and creative thinking in meeting organizational objectives. 1.3 Identify the internal and external drivers of innovation. Reading Read Ch. 1 of Managing Innovation, Design and Creativity. Reading Read Ch. 20 of Managing Innovation, Design and Creativity. Reading Read Ch. 30 of ManagingRead MoreOperation Managenent1504 Words   |  7 PagesCompetitiveness, Strategy, and Productivity After completing this chapter, you should be able to: 1. 2. 3. 4. List the three primary ways that business organizations compete. Explain five reasons for the poor competitiveness of some companies. Define the term strategy and explain why strategy is important. Discuss and compare organization strategy and operations strategy, and explain why it is important to link the two. 5. Describe and give examples of time-based strategies. 6. Define the term productivityRead MoreBsns106 Finance?1624 Words   |  7 Pages(Lab 2) 1. Describe how visual communication effects: a. the ability to identify complex relationships in data. b. the ability to easily determine the exact value of a single data point. c. the ability to easily compare the relevant difference between two data points. d. the ability to emphasise or uncover a relationship in a data set relevant to one’s †¨argument. 2. What is chart junk and how does it compromise the quality of visual information?Read MoreCmp9500B Comprehensive Exam Solution1570 Words   |  7 PagesStam, H. (2007, 2010), Wacker (1999), and five additional peer-reviewed articles from your specialization, discuss scholarly views on the nature and types of theory. Compare and contrast at least three views of what constitutes a theory, including the view you will use in Part 3 of this question. Be sure to distinguish theory from related concepts, such as hypothesis, paradigm, model, and concept. Part 2 Using Ellis Levy (2008), Harlow, E. (2009), and five additional peer-reviewed articles, reviewRead MoreE-Business Website Evaluation1053 Words   |  5 Pagesapplications †¢ compare and report on the types of e-Commerce and their application to business †¢ review the technologies used to deploy an e-Commerce solution †¢ apply an understanding of the development needs of a basic e-Commerce web site using one of these technologies †¢ illustrate understanding of the design, maintenance, business principles and administration of an e-Commerce site †¢ discuss ethical, social and political issues in e-Commerce Overview For any ONE e-Commerce business model listedRead MoreThe Ethical Imperative Of Recovery Oriented Practices1746 Words   |  7 PagesThe aim of the assignment is to critique two research articles; Mental illness and wellbeing: the central importance of positive psychology and recovery approached (Slade, 2010) and Preserving the Person: The Ethical Imperative of Recovery-Oriented Practices (Atterbury , 2014)and its impact on practice. For both articles the dominant theme which runs through is recovery. There is no exact meaning of recovery in mental health. Professional meaning of recovery differentiate between clinical recoveryRead MoreThe Most Important Concepts Of Learning Within This Forum1748 Words   |  7 Pagesgives an account of how cruelly and wrongfully Jehoram performed his duties as the king of Judah. At the end of his eight years as king, he died a painful death, and no one cared. He is long remembered but not for the right reasons. Trusted and ethical leaders stand a better chance of being remembered in history. Building Personal Trust The foundation of trust begins with leaders engaging and listening to their teams. Leaders should seek to find common ground when relating to their organizationsRead MoreLeadership Of A Leader And A Manager1302 Words   |  6 Pagesrequired to perform the role of a leader and a manager. 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Figure 1: Saunders’ onion model of research philosophy (Source: Saunders: et al. 2009). 3.2 Research Philosophy An interpretivist research philosophy has been adopted throughout this study, as the challenges of small business

E Commerce Business On The Internet - 1520 Words

Katrena Smith Dan Curtin Principals of E-Commerce 2 May 2015 Final Project Regular retail stores are almost becoming obsolete today because so many customers are shopping online. Stores that have been apart of our lives for years shutting down operations, some for good and others are only conducting business on the internet. Whatever the case may be more and more people are turning to the internet to fulfill their needs. E-commerce is a multi-billion dollar industry now, when at first some thought it would fade away like most technology when it first started. Consumers are not the only people who do business online either. Big companies use the internet to do business with other companies; this is called business-to-business transactions†¦show more content†¦This site does not use many ways to reach their target audience. The only way that I know of is that they occasionally send out catalogs to potential customers. If you do not know about this company previously you might not even look them up at all. But the catalogs do reach the a udience they are trying to attract and that is an older age group. When I visited the site there was one an advertisement for some cookware at the top of the page with an offer for credit where you could pay so much money a month on a purchase with their credit card. The site had lots of information about several products and it was very easy to use. Across the top of the page there were a few tabs that were categorized for different areas of your home like bed bed, furniture, home store, electronics, health beauty, outdoor, gift toys, jeweler, women, men and sales. There was also a tab that helps you apply for their credit cards. When you click on one of these tabs they have tons of items you can buy. You can even click on the picture of one of these items and take a quick view of the items where they give you information on the products and reviews from other customers. The security of the site as through a company called Trust Guard. When you click on the icon labeled Trust Gu ard it gives you information on how often they scan this company to make sure the connection is secured, which I daily, how long the company has been a member of this security site, and evenShow MoreRelatedBusiness Models for Internet Based E-Commerce an Anatomy7618 Words   |  31 PagesBusiness Models for Internet based E-Commerce An Anatomy B Mahadevan Associate Professor, Production Operations Management Indian Institute of Management Bangalore 560 0 76, INDIA. e-mail: mahadev@iimb.ernet.in To Appear in DOLIRUQLD0DQDJHPHQW5HYLHZ 6XPPHU9RO1R Abstract The success of Internet based businesses in the Business to Customer segment in recent years is an indication of the events to unfold at the dawn of the new millennium. It is widely projected that theRead MoreStart Up E Commerce Business Of Nutritional And Dietary Supplements On The Internet2211 Words   |  9 PagesOVERVIEW The company I want to start is a start-up e-commerce business that will offer an expansive line of nutritional and dietary supplements on the internet. This expansive inventory will provide customers with their dietary needs for weight loss, body building, toning and general health. The company will expand the inventory further to include fitness related items, such as apparel and specialized dietary supplements as well as accessories ranging from shaker bottles to gym bags. The companyRead MoreE-Commerce Essay1225 Words   |  5 Pagesworld largest computer network is the internet. With the astonishing growth of the Internet nowadays, many companies are finding new ways to expand their business opportunities. One can even say that there ¡Ã‚ ¯re almost all companies used computers in their everyday business. Thus, E-commerce is emerging as an increasingly important way for businesses to reach potential customers. Introduction What exactly is e-commerce? Most casual internet users think that e-commerce is just buying and selling onlineRead MoreImpact Of E Commerce On International Trade Essay1045 Words   |  5 PagesE-COMMERCE ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE MUKESHV.M , (MCom,MBA Finanace,MPhil) Assistant Professor In Commerce And Management Studies, Mar Osthastheos College (Affiliated To University Of Calicut) Perumpilavu,Kunnamkulam,Thrissur-680519Ph:04885 282000Mob:9895617021Email:Mukeshmurli640@Gmail.Com Abstract The purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of E-Commerce on international trade . electronic commerce offers economy wide benefits to all countries. The gains are likely to be concentratedRead MoreImpacts Of Technology E Commerce1471 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology in Business – E-Commerce Since the introduction of the Internet in the 1950’s, development of technology began for use by the military until it was soon introduced to the public for commercial and private use. Throughout the decades ever since, technology was then on the road to sudden rapid expansion, with a big boom in new hardware, software and internet capabilities such as faster computer speeds, faster internet connections and efficient software. Convenient services appeared such as E-CommerceRead Morecustomer behaviour1489 Words   |  6 PagesAAP E-COM P 1st Introduction to E-Commerce What is Electronic Commerce? Commerce - The exchange of commodities, buying and selling, of products and services requiring transportation, from location to location is known as commerce. E-Commerce - From a communications perspective, e-commerce is the delivery of information, products/services or payments via telephone lines, Fax, computer networks or any other means. What is Electronic Commerce? From an online perspective, e-commerce providesRead MoreE Commerce And The Internet1252 Words   |  6 Pagesworld largest computer network is the internet. With the astonishing growth of the Internet nowadays, many companies are finding new ways to expand their business opportunities. One can even say that there ¡Ã‚ ¯re almost all companies used computers in their everyday business. Thus, E-commerce is emerging as an increasingly important way for businesses to reach potential customers. Introduction What exactly is e-commerce? Most casual internet users think that e-commerce is just buying and selling onlineRead MoreResearch Journals on One Way Anova Test785 Words   |  4 PagesE-Commerce Electronic commerce, commonly known as  e-commerce consists of the buying and selling of  products  or  services  over electronic systems such as the Internet and other  computer networks. Electronic commerce is generally considered to be the sales aspect of  e-business. It also consists of the exchange of data to facilitate the financingRead MoreE-COMMERCE: ITS DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES INTRODUCTION E-commerce is a type of business600 Words   |  3 PagesE-COMMERCE: ITS DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES INTRODUCTION E-commerce is a type of business where individuals, firms and companies engage in business activities over an electronic network mainly internet. It is notable that e-commerce operates in business to consumer, business to business, consumer to business and business to business market segments . The emergence of e-commerce can be attributed to the advent of new technologies, mail order purchasing through a catalog is possible. CurrentlyRead MoreE Commerce Vs. Electronic Commerce1527 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinition of E-commerce. For example, according to the Oxford Dictionary, E-commerce or electronic commerce is the commercial transaction that conducted electronically on the Internet. Some people define E-commerce as the processes of buying, selling, or exchanging products, services, and information by using the computer network technology such as the Internet. E-commerce does not only provide the function of buying and selling goods and services online via digital mediums such as I nternet, but the

Becoming An Agriculture Teacher At The High School Level...

In general, college is known for new beginnings, experiences, and basically, a new life, which incorporates the exceptional and the atrocious. College is the stepping stone to a career and possibilities and paths are limitless. I have known for a while that I want to go into either Agricultural Education or Biology, so when I chose my major in school, I just picked both. I love social interaction and leaving an impact on someone, however, I love the sciences like biology and chemistry. Throughout my entire high school career, I fell in love with agriculture and Future Farmers of America (FFA), so currently, the career I am looking into with excitement is becoming an agriculture teacher at the high school level. I have researched the field immensely, however, I never formally interviewed a successful agricultural education professor before this. As a result, I found an expert in my field, Dr. Jeremy Falk, to formally interview to talk about how to succeed in the field. Our interview c overed the essence of a university, how to choose a major, and how to actually succeed as a teacher. As an introduction, Dr. Jeremy Falk, is currently an Assistant Professor in the Agricultural and Extension Education Department of the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences. He grew up as a sheep farmer in Southwest Ohio and participated in 4-H as a child (Personal Interview). He went to Ohio State University for all three of his degrees—Bachelor’s, Master’s and Doctorate (PersonalShow MoreRelatedPersonal Narrative : My Life Changed Forever1249 Words   |  5 PagesSeptember 2, 2014, my life changed forever. This was my first year in high school, and as a freshman, I had my very first agriculture class. Throughout the year, I decided that a career in agricultural education would be in my future. I enjoy working with students to better themselves and preaching the significance of agriculture. I want to impact the lives of our younger generation just as much a s my two agricultural teachers have mine. One day, I looked up the average salary of an agriculturalRead MoreKilling Animals Is A Normal Way Of Life1658 Words   |  7 Pages an agriculture program for kids. Children with the help of their parents raise and then sell animals such as pigs, chickens, turkeys, goats, rabbit, and cows at their local fairs. I spent eight years in this program starting at the age of nine. I was a freshman in high school when I got involved in FFA, another agriculture program but for teenagers. I learned the ins and outs of the agriculture industry and how important it was for our economy. All these years involved in agriculture and IRead MoreSelecting The Next Chapter1685 Words   |  7 PagesSelecting the Next Chapter Eventually, we all reach the age at the end of our high school career when we have to choose a path. The path that we select will guide each of us to the trail that we will follow for the rest of our lives. Some of us will choose to go directly into the workforce, potentially go to a trade school, or even go onto a post-secondary education in order to obtain a degree. What decision we make then determines what the rest of our life will hold, how successful we can possiblyRead MoreChoosing An Occupation Of The United States1406 Words   |  6 Pagespredominance of family farms, there is strong evidence of a trend toward concentration in agricultural production. By 2007, a mere 187,816 of the 2.2 million farms in this country accounted for 63% of sales of agricultural products (USDA, 2007 Census of Agriculture). In 1935, the number of farms in the United States peaked at 6.8 million as the population edged over 127 million citizens. As the number of farmers has declined, the demand for agricultural products has increased. This increased demand has beenRead MoreThe School Breakfast Program Programs1345 Words   |  6 PagesSUMMARY The school breakfast program is where preschool kids can start the day with good breakfast. Studies have shown feeding children a nutritious breakfast increases their school performance, nutrition intake, and overall health while decreasing obesity, discipline problems, and illnesses. There is concern that children might be coming to school without eating breakfast and still not be participating in the school breakfast program for variety of reasons, including a perceived stigma associatingRead MoreComparing Life in the City to Life in the Suburbs1086 Words   |  4 Pageswhen compared to those in cities. When it comes to school life, public schools in the city are packed full of students and the class sizes are large resulting to lack of relationship between teachers and students this results to teachers not even knowing their students. This is in contrast to suburbs where public schools do not have many students and hence the students and teachers can have a relationship. There can even be cases where teachers can have family members as students. When it comesRead MoreThe Career I Have Picked Is Teaching1543 Words   |  7 Pageshour you have to make it fun. teachers have to do lots of planning and preparing you have to make a study plan or a lesson plan. there s more to it than just setting down and looking online u have to make notes u have to make home work and study guides and tests its alot to do.as a teacher you can make any where from 55,050 a year to 85,690 a year depinding on the school. most teachers work the regular 10 month school year and a 2 month summer vacation. some teachers that do clubs sports and activitiesRead MoreYear-round Schooling: A Simple Solution For Today’s Students1847 Words   |  7 Pagesof a long three month break at the end of each school year, why not give students the same number of days off but spread them out more frequently throughout the year? Year-round education is a more efficient, globally competitive, and fair alternative to the traditional nine month school year. The reasons behind having a three month summer break are outdated and do not provide any functional advantages to the present day student. The current school year lasting nine months with a three month summerRead MoreIntroduction. Throughout My Field Experience, I Was Able1813 Words   |  8 Pagescourse, with my career choice of Agriculture Education, It allows me the ability to educate students on a topic that I have always loved and enjoyed learning and studying about. I enjoyed getting to meet students, as well as to see what they thought about the class they were in, as well as getting to experience the classroom setting from the teachers perspective. Field Experience Site: Loganville Middle School I completed my field study at Loganville Middle School in Loganville, Georgia. It is aRead MoreDude, YouRe a Fag Essay1152 Words   |  5 PagesFag High school, the best years of your life with everyday shaping and molding you from a feminine boy to becoming a respectable masculine adult, in truth its surviving everyday without being called a fag. In C.J. Pascoe’s ethnography she examines the dynamics of masculinity carefully exploring gender conformity that’s extracted from a collection of humiliations, fears and anxieties among high school boys. Within the eighteen months that Pascoe tediously studied the students of River High, she

An Analysis of Asian Gangs Essay - 1714 Words

An Analysis of Asian Gangs Lets say youre by yourself on the subway in New York City. You get on and its not that crowded, theres a bunch of open seats. As you look around, you notice that the car is filled with mainly high school aged kids, mostly boys. On one side there is a spot next to a bunch of African Americans, on the other side its a posse of Asians. Okay, so where are you going to sit? Next to the Asians I bet. What if it was Latinos instead of Blacks, chances are you would still say youd go towards the Asians and shy away from the more typical gang looking kids. When most people think of gangs, they dont really think Asian, its a Black or Hispanic thing right? Well, Asian gangs have been becoming more and†¦show more content†¦Asian gangs are a new phenomenon, yet are quickly becoming more and more common within the United States Asian-Americans have often been stereotyped as the model minority whose values are benign: strong work ethic, low profile, honor students, loyalty of famil y (Sigmund, 1995, p.8). Someone who is quiet, studious, and who plays the violin (Lee, 1992, p.129) preserving the sacred worth of human life, religious faith, community spirit and†¦.to be teachers of tolerance hard work, fiscal responsibility, cooperation and love (Takaki, 1989, p. 474-475). Yet Asian crimes by teens, both individually and in gangs, have been cropping up like weeds†¦.What has gone wrong? (Sigmund, 1995, p.8). There seems to be a huge irony here, when one compares popular views of Asian Americans and their admirable work ethic to the increasing incidences of Asian related youth crimes. Upon a second examination, one may begin to question whether the phenomenon of Asian American crimes actually opposes the model minority work ethic, consider crime as an occupation: if the Asian American work ethic focuses on succeeding in the new world, then crime can not be ruled out as a means of attaining financial success. (Sigmund, 1995) The history of Chinese ga ngs goes back to a mystical religious group formed over three hundred years ago in China. The group, the Triad Society was made up of Buddhist and Taoist priests opposed the Manchu emperor Kang His, who reigned from 1662 to 1723Show MoreRelatedOrganized Crime Group Analysis1527 Words   |  7 PagesOrganized Crime Group Analysis Team A CJA 384 Organized Crime Group Analysis In this paper it was asked of us as a team to give an in-depth historical analysis of an organized crime group. With this class being about organized crime one would think to write about mobsters, but we decided to think outside the box. Even though when thinking of organized crime the first thought is The Italian Mafia and groups of that sort, one has to remember that organized crime comes in many different formsRead MoreGran Torino1704 Words   |  7 Pagespopular culture in the film.   Then, we will provide the conflict management styles we would have employed to bring the same result as the current ending without the bloodshed and a general opinion of the film. Our examination will begin with the analysis of two cultural conflicts within the film.   The first conflict we will examine is between the Catholic Priest, Father Janovich and Walt Kowalski.   This conflict takes place initially in the Church when the Father advised Walt that his wife, DorothyRead MoreFilm Review : Romeo Must Die 1269 Words   |  6 Pagesof Romeo and Juliet, due to the rivaling families and the forbidden love, but the root of the hostility is different. Race seems to be the main proponent of this division. The film begins with Po Sing who is the son of Chu Sing, leader of a chinese gang, Po is in a predominantly african american club, after an altercation, Kai who is Chu Sing’s right hand man intervenes and sends Po home. A fight ensues and the next day Po is found dead. We then meet Han Sing played by actor Jet Li, Han is imprisonedRead MoreThe Culture Of Asian American And Being Labeled As An Ethnic1496 Words   |  6 PagesPreface In this essay, I attempted to lay bare the issues of being an Asian-American and being labeled as an ethnic â€Å"other† in modern America. This label of â€Å"other† causes them to become marginalized and lose their sense of identity, belonging neither to Western culture nor Eastern culture. In order help stop this loss of identity in Asian-Americans, we must tear down the social construct of the â€Å"other† and integrate the different cultures into the melting pot of popular culture. Once we have stoppedRead MoreThe Significance of the Sino-Soviet Confrontation1850 Words   |  7 PagesSoviet Socialist Republics), led by Nikita Khrushchev; ceased their strong ties through the Sino Soviet Split and then confrontation. A critical analysis of the Sino-Soviet split and confrontation will administer a greater understanding of the various alliances that formed around the Asia-Pacific region. This includes the alliance of SEATO (South East Asian Treaty Organisation) , as well those that formed during conflicts between the 1960’s and 1980’s. The two decades, in which the Sino-Soviet relationshipRead MoreThe Role of Law Enforcement in Curbing Gang Violence1041 Words   |  4 Pagesareas is to prevent gang activity. Gang activity is certainly not a new phenomenon, but has been part of human history since Ancient Times (Rome, Greece, the Middle Ages, etc.). In most countries, gang violence patterns the sociological development of society and the evolution of criminal activity - as criminal activity becomes more sophisticated, so do gang activities. While most sociological theories tie gang behavior to youth violence, one can trace a number of changes in gang violence to the wayRead MoreMovie Analysis : Gran Torino1649 Words   |  7 PagesHannah Swartout December 3, 2017 COM 325 Analysis Paper Gran Torino Analysis After losing his wife, Walt Kowalski was left with spoiled children and grandchildren, cigarettes, Pabst Blue Ribbon and his 1972 Gran Torino. Walt was retired from the military after serving in the Korean war. In the beginning of the movie Walt appears to be disgruntled, racist and tough-minded. He was not ecstatic that a Hmong family was moving into his deceased neighbors house. Meanwhile, the Hmong family next doorRead MoreFreedom Writers: Rhetorical Analysis Essay714 Words   |  3 PagesRhetorical Analysis: Freedom Writers The movie â€Å"Freedom Writers† is based on a true story. Hilary Swank as Erin Gruwell plays an inspirational teacher at Wilson High School. She is ready to take on the teaching world as she steps inside Wilson High School for her first day. Her class, varied with teenagers of different ethnic backgrounds, wants nothing more than to just get through the day. African Americans, Latinos, Asians, gang members, and much more are from poor neighborhoods, that all shareRead MoreSymbolic Interactionism, Functional Analysis, and Conflict Theory in the Film, Gran Torino1773 Words   |  7 PagesCLINT EASTWOODS GRAND TORINO 8 Symbolic Interactionism, Functional Analysis and Conflict Theory In Gran Torino Symbolic Interactionism With respect to symbolic interactionism, people build meaning to life through social interaction. People operate the way they do because of their own characterization of situations. Symbolic interactionists appreciate social life through social interactions. From symbolic interactionists point of view, the society is a product of social interactions where peopleRead MoreGrand Torino Essay1089 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Grand Torino Analysis Cultural Diversity Through Interpersonal Communication Margaret Heinsohn Florida International University Abstract The aim of this paper is to study the interpersonal communication taking place in a cultured shocked neighborhood. The findings of these studies are applied to the film Grand Torino. In addition, this study will discuss the communication styles applied by the characters of the movie. I believe they are essential to understanding

Economics For Managers Product Efficiency

Question: Discuss about theEconomics For Managersfor Product Efficiency. Answer: Introduction Product efficiency refers to using the minimum resources or inputs with minimum costs to produce the maximum quantity of the right product. To be productively efficient, an economy or business should be producing along its possibility frontier curve (Emrouznejad et al, 2008). This means that it they should be using the optimal input combination to produce maximum outputs. Therefore, every business must make sure that every resource i.e. labor, management, input, technology, materials to name a few must always be put into effective use to enhance efficiency of the product production (Briguglio et al, 2009). Product efficiency will enable Aldi to improve in the production of well packed, good quality and cheap products compared to their competitors. Therefore, this helps them have better market share and segment in the industry (Prenshaw et al, 2011). Also they will be able to keep their competitive advantage aspect and create a strong barrier for new sellers to enter the market. Aldi Supermarket can use the lean production to be able to beat its competitors. Apparently, Aldi uses lean production for its success reasons. For Aldi Supermarket, their aim for lean production is to reduce the costs of production, labor, time, space, wastes, materials and other resources. However, they are also concerned very much about extending the same to their customers whereby they will save their costs, time and space during and after product purchase. Lean production is generally based upon a number of efficiency concepts which are: Continuous improvement whereby the employees keep on improving the product quality and most importantly their service quality. This is possible through frequent check-ups, performance evaluations, trainings and employee motivations. Just in time production whereby the customers almost immediately receive their purchased or ordered products. This means that they will receive better and fast service, the desired type of product and at the right time. Time based management which is the management that requires high experience and expertise to manage different fields or departments for the business. This reduces the time that is wasted in the overall business operations and hence productive efficiency is improved. Total Quality Management meaning to ensure that all the workers do the right thing and do it right no matter what. This will be able to help them improve their service quality and therefore increase production efficiency. By involving the lean production, the Aldi will be able to reduce all the overall costs involved in production which means that they will be in a better position than their competitors. They have excellent service provision for their customers, effective management and efficient production. This will therefore keep new sellers at bay and help Aldi keep their competitive advantage. Figure 1: Product efficiency curve The above diagram is a product possibility frontier (PPF) which is a curve that indicates the production trend of a product verses the inputs used to produce it (Costa, 2014). Apparently, the curve for every business should always move outwards instead of inwards to show that their production is increasing with time relative to production costs. Therefore with the increase in units of outputs, the costs decreases. Economies of Scale This refers to the advantages that a business accrue due to the increase in the output production. The average costs in the end decrease because of the output volume has increased. Therefore this means that these advantages are mostly cost related. Economies of scale vary according to the business size and type. A large business enterprise is expected to have more economies of scale than a small one (Celli, 2013). However, there are factors that give a business better chances of having increased economies of scale, e.g.: Increasing the speed of business operations- this entirely relates to employee service. The employees should have fast and quality service to the customers, complaint response and problem solving should be fast and effective and production should be efficient and effective to name a few things. Purchasing of products in bulk where a business buys its products in bulk, the selling price will probably be lower because of the discounts offered. Therefore, this increases its chances of reducing its prices as well therefore more sales and profits from the sales. Managerial specialization whereby every business should make sure that its management team is well specialized, experienced and skilled for their duties and responsibilities. This will enable them perform their jobs with professionalism and perfection therefore better business overall performance. Financial status whereby every business should make sure that its finances are well accounted for and that the business is financially stable. This will help it be able to borrow funds from banks or other money lending organizations in lower rates and therefore not cost them much when paying. Technological support which means that every business must have good, modern, effective and most importantly functional technology to use for its product production. It will help them lower their costs, time and raw material wastage therefore efficient production. Marketing techniques. Every business should improve its marketing techniques all over its market area to enable it increase its sales, market share and segment. This includes things like advertisements, conducting promotions, giving free product samples and discounts, better branding and packaging among other ways. This will attract more customers and therefore increase sales. When Aldi considers all of the above factors, it will be able to manage its business operations correctly and reduce production costs. This will also give them an added advantage over their competitors because their goods and services will certainly be better, product quality higher, prices affordable among other things. This therefore will give Aldi a chance to retain its competitive advantage and create a strong barrier for new sellers to enter the market. Figure 2: Economies of scale curve The figure above shows an economies of scale curve. When the output is high, the cost of production is low (Truett et al, 2007). However, the increase in output is limited if the business does not take heed of the production issues. Therefore, for the economies of scale to always remain, a business should be aware of all the business operations that are related to production. Conclusion Therefore, this concludes the fact that economies of scale and product efficiency are some of the concepts that a business can use to gain competitive advantage and cost leadership in its industry or markets. Therefore, both concepts concentrate on reduction of production costs therefore better prices and sales in the end. This will give a business a better place in the market compared to other businesses and can be very useful to Aldi Supermarket to help it achieve its said goals and objectives. References Emrouznejad, A., Parker, B. R., Tavares, G. (2008). Evaluation of research in efficiency and productivity: A survey and analysis of the first 30 years of scholarly literature in DEA.Socio-economic planning sciences,42(3), 151-157. Briguglio, L., Cordina, G., Farrugia, N., Vella, S. (2009). Economic vulnerability and resilience: concepts and measurements.Oxford development studies,37(3), 229-247. Celli, M. (2013). Determinants of Economies of Scale in Large BusinessesA Survey on UE Listed Firms. Prenshaw, P. J., Taylor, S. W. (2011). Insights Into The Importance Of Economic Concepts To Other Introductory Business Courses.Journal of College Teaching Learning (TLC),4(5). Costa, L. A. (2014).Illumina: The sustainability of its competitive position(Doctoral dissertation, Nova School of Business and Economics). Truett, L. J., Truett, D. B. (2007). A cost-based analysis of scale economies in the French auto industry.International Review of Economics Finance,16(3), 369-382.

Crashes Among Novice And Experian Drivers â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Crashes Among Novice And Experian Drivers? Answer: Introducation This article analyzes the importance and effectiveness of footbridge compared to the zebra crossing. According to this article, the having the footbridge will ensure more safety for the pedestrian than having the zebra crossing. In addition, it is also been stated that, footbridge will be more effective compared to the zebra crossing and other mode of enabling the pedestrian to use the roadways. This is due to the reason that, footbridge is being constructed only for the crossing of the bridge and it does not hamper the movement of the vehicles in the road. Vehicles and pedestrians can have the effective movement simultaneously in the road in the case of footbridge. However, in the case of zebra crossing, movement of either pedestrian or vehicles have to be restricted in order to enable the movement of other one. In the case of the Banyo pedestrian footbridge project, it is being initiated to improve customer safety and cross-corridor access. Moreover, ethics and standard is being as sociated with this project. This is due to the reason that, ethics should be maintained in construction of the footbridge. Otherwise, the accidents will cause huge number of fatalities and casualties. The conclusion being initiated by the author in this article is based on the discrete choice model, which incorporates latent variables. The survey is being done in Bogota, Colombia. This article concludes that the decision of making the choice of pedestrian movement tools is being determined by the socioeconomic behaviors. This is due to the reason that, different society is having different set of thinking and choice and preferences are being different in several regions. Schwebel et al. (2012) This article states the key advantages of pedestrians crossing bridge rather than using other mode to have the movement in the road. This is due to the reason that, according to this article, in the recent time, a major portion of road accidents related to the pedestrian occurs due to the distraction being caused by the use of mobile phones and other multimedia devices. It is been seen in the recent times that, pedestrians using headphones and talking in mobile are getting distracted and causing accidents in the road. Thus, initiation of footbridge will help to reduce the rate of these accidents. Pedestrians will have a separate walkway for them in the form of footbridge. Thus, distraction of them due to the use of multimedia devices will not make them vulnerable to accidents. In the case of this project of Banyo, the footbridge is being initiated to secure the customer safety in crossing the railroad with having headphones in the ear. Thus, approach of ethics is more prominent here in this case. This article is being based on the findings being gathered from the survey that is being conducted on 138 students. They are divided in four groups based on their usage of multimedia devices during the crossing of road. It is been seen that, the students getting distracted by music and texting are causing more casualties. Thus, this articles concludes that initiation of footbridge will help to reduce the rate of casualties for the pedestrians in crossing the road being distracted. Zuo, Hua and Van Landuyt (2012) Compared to the previous articles, this article discussed about the shortcomings or limitations of having the footbridge. According to this article, initiation of footbridge in the roadways will have several limitations also. One of the key limitations being identified in this article is the generation of vibration in the footbridge from the external factors. This article stated that, external factors such as the movement of heavy vehicles in the road would cause heavy vibration in the footbridge. Thus, it will eventually lead to the risk for the pedestrians. In addition, it is also being stated that, design of the footbridge also determine its effectiveness. This is due to the reason that, if the pedestrians have to use higher and steep stairs for the footbridge, then they will less prefer it, which leads to the reduction in the effectiveness of the footbridge. Banyo footbridge will have some latest security measures such as anti-climb privacy screens, anti-throw screens, and lighti ng and security cameras. This will ensure the security of the pedestrians in using the footbridge. Moreover, the construction will be accomplished keeping in mind various weather and artificial threats. This article used the simple mechanics based model to conclude the limitations of the footbridge. This article concludes that, in the initiation of the footbridge, the design and the safety should be effectively determined in order to maximize the effectiveness of the footbridge. Otherwise, the initiation of the footbridge will not meet the basic objectives. Abstract This case study discussed about the importance of having the footbridge for the pedestrians safety. It is being discussed in this case study that, initiation of footbridge will help the pedestrians in having the safety in moving in the road. Moreover, various contemporary issues such as, distraction from using of multimedia devices have being identified (Klauer et al. 2014). It is being stated in this case study that, road casualties of pedestrians can be reduced with the help of footbridge. Comparison has been done with other available mode of enabling the movement of pedestrians in the road. However, it is being determined that, the initiation of footbridge will be the most effective option to ensure the safety of the pedestrians. The literatures are being discussed in relation to the footbridge being constructed in BANYO, Queensland. It is being observed that the footbridge in Banyo is being constructed keeping in mind the standards, ethics and security of the pedestrians. Ethics is related with this footbridge due to the reason that, initiation of the footbridge is directly related with the safety of the pedestrians and thus effective maintenance of the ethics in constructing the bridge is important (Ewing and Bartholonew 2013).. Moreover, the standard should also be maintained in order to have quality in the construction. The more effective will be the maintenance of the standard of the footbridge, the more positive will be the quality of the footbridge (Ingolfsson, Georgakis and Jonsson 2012). Reference Cantillo, V., Arellana, J. and Rolong, M., 2015. Modelling pedestrian crossing behaviour in urban roads: a latent variable approach.Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behaviour,32, pp.56-67. Ewing, R. and Bartholomew, K., 2013.Pedestrian Transit-Oriented Design. Inglfsson, E.T., Georgakis, C.T. and Jnsson, J., 2012. Pedestrian-induced lateral vibrations of footbridges: A literature review.Engineering Structures,45, pp.21-52. Klauer, S.G., Guo, F., Simons-Morton, B.G., Ouimet, M.C., Lee, S.E. and Dingus, T.A., 2014. Distracted driving and risk of road crashes among novice and experienced drivers.New England journal of medicine,370(1), pp.54-59. Schwebel, D.C., Stavrinos, D., Byington, K.W., Davis, T., ONeal, E.E. and De Jong, D., 2012. Distraction and pedestrian safety: how talking on the phone, texting, and listening to music impact crossing the street.Accident Analysis Prevention,45, pp.266-271. Zuo, D., Hua, J. and Van Landuyt, D., 2012. A model of pedestrian-induced bridge vibration based on full-scale measurement.Engineering Structures,45, pp.117-126.